Its fortune declined after the Second World War, owing to deindustrialisation, but the IRA bombing in 1996 led to extensive investment and regeneration. He was a diligent puritan, turning out ale houses and banning the celebration of Christmas; he died in 1656.[29]. Manchester is a centre for musical education: the Royal Northern College of Music and Chetham's School of Music. [83], Racial structure, according to the 2011 census[3]. Although the Industrial Revolution brought wealth to the city, it also brought poverty and squalor to a large part of the population. [17] Central Manchester has been permanently settled since this time. Manchester lost 150,000 jobs in manufacturing between 1961 and 1983. [201], The three universities are grouped around Oxford Road on the southern side of the city centre, which forms Europe's largest urban higher-education precinct. [121] The city has 135 parks, gardens, and open spaces.[122]. [21], During the English Civil War Manchester strongly favoured the Parliamentary interest. The wet Atlantic air banked against the Pennine slopes to the east of the city produces extreme cloudiness; on about 70 percent of the days of the year, the afternoon sky is at least half covered by cloud. From this core, suburbs have spread far to the west and south, chiefly within the unitary authority of Cheshire East. [226][227], With the growth in regional television in the 1950s, Manchester became one of the BBC's three main centres in England. In 2011, 80 per cent of public transport journeys in Greater Manchester were made by bus, amounting to 220 million passenger journeys each year. Summer daytime temperatures regularly top 20 Celsius, quite often reaching 25 Celsius on sunny days during July and August in particular. [223][235] Manchester is also covered by two internet television channels: Quays News and Manchester.tv. [38], Manchester has a notable place in the history of Marxism and left-wing politics; being the subject of Friedrich Engels' work The Condition of the Working Class in England in 1844; Engels spent much of his life in and around Manchester,[39] and when Karl Marx visited Manchester, they met at Chetham's Library. In 2012 it showed the strongest annual growth in business stock (5 per cent) of all core cities. Manchester has been a centre of television broadcasting since the 1950s.
Get kids back-to-school ready with Expedition: Learn! [139][141] Stagecoach Manchester is the Stagecoach Group's largest subsidiary and operates around 690 buses. [7] It lies within the United Kingdom's second-most populous urban area, with a population of 2.5 million[8] and third-most populous metropolitan area, with a population of 3.3 million.
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